Create an xml for the bookstore. Validate the same using both DTD and XSD.

1. Bookstore XML Document (`bookstore.xml`)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE bookstore SYSTEM "bookstore.dtd">

<!-- For XSD validation, replace the DOCTYPE with:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<bookstore xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="bookstore.xsd">

-->

<title>The Great Gatsby</title>

<first-name>F. Scott</first-name>

<last-name>Fitzgerald</last-name>

</author>

<publisher>Scribner</publisher>

<stock>

<location>Aisle 3, Shelf B</location>

</stock>

<description>Classic novel about the American Dream</description>

</book>

<title>Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind</title>

<first-name>Yuval Noah</first-name>

<last-name>Harari</last-name>

</author>

<publisher>Harper</publisher>

<stock>

<location>Aisle 5, Shelf A</location>

</stock>

<description>Exploration of human history and evolution</description>

</book>

<first-name>George</first-name>

<last-name>Orwell</last-name>

</author>

<publisher>Signet Classics</publisher>

<stock>

<location>Out of Stock</location>

</stock>

<description>Dystopian social science fiction novel</description>

</book>

<title>The Very Hungry Caterpillar</title>

<first-name>Eric</first-name>

<last-name>Carle</last-name>

</author>

<publisher>World Publishing Company</publisher>

<stock>

<location>Aisle 1, Shelf C</location>

</stock>

<description>Children's picture book</description>

</book>

</bookstore>

2. DTD Validation (`bookstore.dtd`)

<!ELEMENT bookstore (book+)>

<!ELEMENT book (title, author, year, price, isbn, publisher, stock, description)>

<!ATTLIST book

id ID #REQUIRED

format (paperback|hardcover|ebook|audiobook) "paperback"

<!ELEMENT title (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT author (first-name, last-name)>

<!ELEMENT first-name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT last-name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT year (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT price (#PCDATA)>

<!ATTLIST price

currency (USD|EUR|GBP|JPY|CAD) "USD"

<!ELEMENT isbn (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT publisher (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT stock (quantity, location)>

<!ELEMENT quantity (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT location (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT description (#PCDATA)>

3. XSD Validation (`bookstore.xsd`)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">

<xs:element name="bookstore">

<xs:complexType>

<xs:sequence>

<xs:element name="book" type="bookType" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>

</xs:sequence>

</xs:complexType>

</xs:element>

<xs:complexType name="bookType">

<xs:sequence>

<xs:element name="title" type="xs:string"/>

<xs:element name="author" type="authorType"/>

<xs:element name="year" type="yearType"/>

<xs:element name="price" type="priceType"/>

<xs:element name="isbn" type="isbnType"/>

<xs:element name="publisher" type="xs:string"/>

<xs:element name="stock" type="stockType"/>

<xs:element name="description" type="xs:string"/>

</xs:sequence>

<xs:attribute name="id" type="xs:ID" use="required"/>

<xs:attribute name="category" use="required">

<xs:simpleType>

<xs:restriction base="xs:string">

<xs:enumeration value="fiction"/>

<xs:enumeration value="non-fiction"/>

<xs:enumeration value="children"/>

<xs:enumeration value="science"/>

<xs:enumeration value="biography"/>

<xs:enumeration value="history"/>

</xs:restriction>

</xs:simpleType>

</xs:attribute>

<xs:attribute name="format" default="paperback">

<xs:simpleType>

<xs:restriction base="xs:string">

<xs:enumeration value="paperback"/>

<xs:enumeration value="hardcover"/>

<xs:enumeration value="ebook"/>

<xs:enumeration value="audiobook"/>

</xs:restriction>

</xs:simpleType>

</xs:attribute>

</xs:complexType>

<xs:complexType name="authorType">

<xs:sequence>

<xs:element name="first-name" type="xs:string"/>

<xs:element name="last-name" type="xs:string"/>

</xs:sequence>

</xs:complexType>

<xs:simpleType name="yearType">

<xs:restriction base="xs:integer">

<xs:minInclusive value="1000"/>

<xs:maxInclusive value="2024"/>

</xs:restriction>

</xs:simpleType>

<xs:complexType name="priceType">

<xs:simpleContent>

<xs:extension base="xs:decimal">

<xs:attribute name="currency" default="USD">

<xs:simpleType>

<xs:restriction base="xs:string">

<xs:enumeration value="USD"/>

<xs:enumeration value="EUR"/>

<xs:enumeration value="GBP"/>

<xs:enumeration value="JPY"/>

<xs:enumeration value="CAD"/>

</xs:restriction>

</xs:simpleType>

</xs:attribute>

</xs:extension>

</xs:simpleContent>

</xs:complexType>

<xs:simpleType name="isbnType">

<xs:restriction base="xs:string">

<xs:pattern value="97[89]-\d{1,5}-\d{1,7}-\d{1,7}-\d{1}"/>

<xs:pattern value="\d{10}"/>

<xs:pattern value="\d{13}"/>

</xs:restriction>

</xs:simpleType>

<xs:complexType name="stockType">

<xs:sequence>

<xs:element name="quantity" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger"/>

<xs:element name="location" type="xs:string"/>

</xs:sequence>

</xs:complexType>

</xs:schema>

4. Validation Commands

Using xmllint (Linux/Mac):

# Validate with DTD

xmllint --valid --noout bookstore.xml

# Validate with XSD

xmllint --schema bookstore.xsd --noout bookstore.xml

Using Python:

# validate_dtd.py

import xml.dom.minidom

import xml.sax

# DTD Validation

try:

parser = xml.sax.make_parser()

parser.setFeature(xml.sax.handler.feature_validation, True)

parser.parse("bookstore.xml")

print("DTD validation: PASSED")

except Exception as e:

print(f"DTD validation: FAILED - {e}")

# XSD Validation

from lxml import etree

try:

xml_doc = etree.parse("bookstore.xml")

xsd_doc = etree.parse("bookstore.xsd")

xsd = etree.XMLSchema(xsd_doc)

if xsd.validate(xml_doc):

print("XSD validation: PASSED")

else:

print("XSD validation: FAILED")

print(xsd.error_log)

except Exception as e:

print(f"XSD validation error: {e}")

Output:

Computer Science Of Engineering

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